Page 228 - Dictionary of Heraldry and Related Subjects

Cataphractus The Roman mail duced originally during the 13th
armour designed to protect the century in Flanders and still in use
horse. See ' Bard '. The name was as part of the equipment of the foot
also used in connection with the soldiers of various countries during
troops thus equipped.
the next century.
Catapuit - One of a group of missile Chape - The small metal sheath at
throwing engines used principally the bottom of a scabbard designed
in siege warfare. The catapult was to strengthen it.
used principally for hurling stones,
darts and fire brands.
Chapeau de Montauban, Chape1 de
Fer - A kind of head piece derived
Cavalier - One of the continental from the round hat worn in civilian
names for Knight. GeneralIy refers dress during the 13th century and
to any form of horseman.
particularly popular amongst fight-
ing men. It was sometirnes made of
Cavairy - A general terrn applying steel and possessed a brim whicli
to horsed troops.
could be of varying width, slightly
cuwed towards the back.
Cementaiion - A lengthy process
designed to produce steel for sword Chauses - Strips of mail introduced
blades.
about 1150 for the protection of the
front of the leg for mounted men.
Centuries - Roman units consisting These were provided with laces for
of sixty men.
fastening, Another form consisted of
a complete mail stocking. In either
Ceremonid Armour - See Armour, case the chauses were braced up to
Parade.
the waist and they were often gar-
tered below the knee.
Cervellier - A light iron skull cap
worn by English long bow-men.
Cheek Pieces - These were fust
introduced by the early Greeks in
Chanfron - A form of head armour approximately 600 B.C. as a rigid
for the Iiorse which was introduced attacbment to the helmet.
during the 23th century.
The Romans continued to use
cheek pieces but smaller in design
and generally hinged so that they
could be raised when not in use.
During the Norman era cheek
pieces were oniy noticeable amongst
some of the troops during the Battle
of Hastings and after a few years
they were discarded in favour of the
ventail (q.v.). When the more solid
type of armour was introduced
cheek pieces were generally incor-
porated in the construction of the
Chmf ron helmet, though frequently they were
hinged for rernoval when not
ChsndeUer - A shafted weapon witli required. Alternatively they were
an exceptionally long spike intro- part of the visor. However, in 1450
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